The citizenship English test: every reading and writing word

How the English test works

The English test has three parts, all done during your interview:

• Speaking. The officer judges your English from how you answer questions about your N-400 application. No separate speaking exam.
• Reading. You must read 1 of 3 sentences aloud correctly. The sentences use only the words in the reading list below.
• Writing. The officer reads a sentence; you must write 1 of 3 sentences correctly. The sentences use only the words in the writing list below.

You may not skip punctuation on purpose, but small spelling slips that do not change the meaning are usually accepted. Capital letters at the start are expected.

Reading vocabulary (official list)

Every reading sentence is built from these words. Sentences are usually questions about civics or history, for example "Who was the first President?"

Writing vocabulary (official list)

Every writing sentence is built from these words. Typical sentences are answers to the reading questions, for example "Washington was the first President."

How to practise

1. Read each group aloud until every word is automatic. Most sentences mix a question word, a civics word and a verb.
2. Write the writing list from dictation: ask someone to read the words, or use the audio on our civics questions.
3. Practise the combination: read a civics question, then write its answer. Our civics practice test uses the same words.
4. Capital letters: names (Washington, Lincoln), places (America), months and holidays start with a capital.

Exceptions

You do not take the English test if you are 50 or older with 20 years as a permanent resident, or 55 or older with 15 years (the 50/20 and 55/15 rules). You then take the civics test in your language with an interpreter. Applicants 65 or older with 20 years study a shorter civics list. Medical exceptions use Form N-648.