CDL 考试:组合车辆 题目与答案

我们使用的所有题目,附正确答案、解释和出处。

组合车辆

63 道题
  1. #1

    与空载组合车相比,满载组合车在事故中翻车的可能性高多少?

    英文原文: Compared with an empty rig, a fully loaded rig is how much more likely to roll over in a crash?

    1. 两倍
    2. 五倍
    3. 十倍 (Ten times as likely)
    4. 相同

    答案: C. 满载组合车在事故中翻车的可能性是空载组合车的十倍。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.1 Driving Combination Vehicles SafelyFully loaded rigs are ten times more likely to roll over in a crash than empty rigs.
  2. #2

    后向放大系数为2.0,意味着后挂车:

    英文原文: A rearward amplification of 2.0 means the rear trailer is:

    1. 翻车的可能性是牵引车的两倍 (Twice as likely to turn over as the tractor)
    2. 翻车的可能性是牵引车的一半
    3. 重量是牵引车的两倍
    4. 允许以两倍的速度行驶

    答案: A. 后向放大系数2.0:后挂车翻车的可能性是牵引车的两倍(“甩鞭”效应)。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.1 Driving Combination Vehicles Safelyrearward amplification of 2.0 in the chart means that the rear trailer is twice as likely to turn over as the tractor.
  3. #3

    关于跟车距离,手册规定至少保持:

    英文原文: For following distance, the manual says to leave at least:

    1. 车长每20英尺1秒
    2. 车长每10英尺1秒,超过40英里/小时再加1秒 (1 second for each 10 feet of vehicle length, plus 1 second over 40 mph)
    3. 任何速度下总共2秒
    4. 车速每10英里/小时1秒

    答案: B. 车长每10英尺至少1秒,如果车速超过40英里/小时,再加一秒。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.1 Driving Combination Vehicles SafelyFollow far enough behind other vehicles (at least 1 second for each 10 feet of your vehicle length, plus another second if going over 40 mph).
  4. #4

    大型组合车辆在以下哪种情况下需要更长的停车距离:

    英文原文: Large combination vehicles take longer to stop when they are:

    1. 满载时
    2. 半载时
    3. 运输液体时
    4. 空载时 (Empty)

    答案: D. 空载组合车辆比满载时需要更长的停车距离;单独行驶的牵引车(不带挂车)也需要格外小心。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.1 Driving Combination Vehicles SafelyLarge combination vehicles take longer to stop when they are empty than when they are fully loaded.
  5. #5

    如果挂车开始打滑,您应该:

    英文原文: If your trailer starts to skid, you should:

    1. 松开行车制动以恢复牵引力 (Release the service brakes to get traction back)
    2. 使用挂车手动制动阀把车拉直
    3. 猛踩油门
    4. 朝打滑方向急转

    答案: A. 松开制动以恢复牵引力;不要用挂车手动制动阀来“拉直车辆”。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.1 Trailer Skidsdo not use the trailer hand brake (if you have one) to "straighten out the rig."
  6. #6

    如果不进入其他车道就无法完成右转,您应该:

    英文原文: If you cannot make a right turn without entering another lane, you should:

    1. 开始转弯前先向左大幅偏出
    2. 让后轮压过路缘
    3. 在完成转弯时转大弯 (Turn wide as you complete the turn)
    4. 倒车后重试

    答案: C. 在完成转弯时转大弯;车头要转得足够宽,使后轮不压上路缘。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.1 Turn WideIf you cannot complete your turn without entering another traffic lane, turn wide as you complete the turn.
  7. #7

    挂车手动阀(trolley valve)应用于:

    英文原文: The trailer hand valve (trolley valve) should be used:

    1. 停放挂车
    2. 仅测试挂车制动 (Only to test the trailer brakes)
    3. 纠正打滑
    4. 车流中的正常制动

    答案: B. 只用它来测试挂车制动;切勿在行驶或停车时使用,因为空气可能泄漏,导致制动松开。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.2 Combination Vehicle Air Brakesthe trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes.
  8. #8

    气压降到哪个范围时,牵引车保护阀会自动关闭?

    英文原文: The tractor protection valve closes automatically when air pressure drops into which range?

    1. 60到80 psi
    2. 100到125 psi
    3. 5到10 psi
    4. 20到45 psi (20 to 45 psi)

    答案: D. 气压过低(在20到45 psi范围内)时,它会自动关闭。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.2 Tractor Protection Valvethe tractor protection valve will close automatically if air pressure is low (in the range of 20 to 45 psi).
  9. #9

    连接气管接头(glad hands)时,应使接头成什么角度将密封圈压在一起?

    英文原文: When connecting glad hands, you press the seals together with the couplers at what angle?

    1. 90度 (90 degrees)
    2. 45度
    3. 180度
    4. 0度(成一直线)

    答案: A. 先清洁接头和密封圈,然后使两个接头成90度角,将密封圈压在一起。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.2 Glad Handspress the two seals together with the couplers at a 90 degree angle to each other.
  10. #10

    多久应排放一次储气罐?

    英文原文: How often should you drain the air tanks?

    1. 每月一次
    2. 每周一次
    3. 每天 (Every day)
    4. 只在低气压警报启动时

    答案: C. 每个储气罐都有排放阀,每天都应排放每个储气罐。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.2 Trailer Air TanksEach tank has a drain valve on it and you should drain each tank every day.
  11. #11

    在组合车辆上,最后一节挂车后部的截止阀必须:

    英文原文: On a combination, the shut-off valves at the back of the LAST trailer must be:

    1. 打开
    2. 关闭 (Closed)
    3. 拆除
    4. 半开

    答案: B. 所有截止阀都应打开,但最后一节挂车后部的截止阀必须关闭。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.2 Shut-off ValvesYou must check that all shut-off valves are in the open position except the ones at the back of the last trailer, which must be closed.
  12. #12

    在哪个日期或之后制造的挂车和转换台车必须装有ABS?

    英文原文: Trailers and converter dollies built on or after what date must have ABS?

    1. 1998年三月1日 (March 1, 1998)
    2. 2005年一月1日
    3. 1988年三月1日
    4. 2010年一月1日

    答案: A. 1998年三月1日或之后制造的所有挂车和转换台车都必须装有ABS;黄色故障灯位于左侧。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.3 Antilock Brake SystemsAll trailers and converter dollies built on or after march 1, 1998, are required to have ABS.
  13. #13

    如果挂车上的ABS出现故障:

    英文原文: If the ABS on your trailer malfunctions:

    1. 挂车完全没有制动
    2. 您必须停车并叫拖车
    3. 挂车制动会抱死
    4. 您仍有常规制动 (You still have regular brakes)

    答案: D. ABS失效时,您仍有常规制动;ABS不一定能缩短停车距离。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.3 Antilock Brake Systemsremember, if your ABS malfunctions, you still have regular brakes.
  14. #14

    连接挂车时,挂车的高度应:

    英文原文: When coupling, the trailer height should be:

    1. 足够高,使第五轮从挂车前底板下方通过而不碰到
    2. 足够低,使牵引车倒入其下方时将其稍微抬起 (Low enough that the tractor raises it slightly when backed under)
    3. 与牵引车轮胎顶部完全齐平
    4. 支腿允许的最低高度

    答案: B. 挂车应足够低,使牵引车倒入其下方时能将其稍微抬起。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.4 Coupling Tractor-semitrailersthe trailer should be low enough that it is raised slightly by the tractor when the tractor is backed under it.
  15. #15

    倒入挂车下方后,如何检查挂车已锁定在牵引车上?

    英文原文: After backing under the trailer, how do you check that it is locked onto the tractor?

    1. 查看支腿
    2. 按喇叭并听声音
    3. 在挂车制动仍锁住的情况下轻轻向前拉 (Pull forward gently with the trailer brakes still locked)
    4. 绕街区开一圈

    答案: C. 在挂车制动仍锁住的情况下,轻轻向前拉动牵引车(拖拉测试)。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.4 Coupling Tractor-semitrailersPull tractor gently forward while the trailer brakes are still locked to check that the trailer is locked onto the tractor.
  16. #16

    检查连接装置时,锁爪应闭合在:

    英文原文: When you inspect the coupling, the locking jaws should be closed around:

    1. 牵引销的销杆上 (The shank of the kingpin)
    2. 牵引销的销头上
    3. 滑板上
    4. 挂车前底板上

    答案: A. 锁爪应锁在牵引销的销杆上,而不是销头上;上下第五轮之间不应有可见间隙。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.5 Inspecting a Combination VehicleLocking jaws around the shank, not the head of kingpin.
  17. #17

    为什么绝不能在支腿只收起一部分时驾驶?

    英文原文: Why should you never drive with the landing gear only part way up?

    1. 浪费燃油
    2. 使第五轮超载
    3. 挡住后视镜
    4. 可能挂到铁轨或其他物体 (It may catch on railroad tracks or other things)

    答案: D. 支腿只收起一部分时,可能挂到铁轨或其他物体。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.4 Coupling Tractor-semitrailersnever drive with landing gear only part way up as it may catch on railroad tracks or other things.
  18. #18

    脱开挂车时,为什么要让牵引车车架仍停在挂车下方?

    英文原文: When uncoupling, why do you stop with the tractor frame still under the trailer?

    1. 保持气管连接
    2. 以免支腿倒塌或下陷时挂车掉落 (So the trailer will not fall if the landing gear collapses or sinks)
    3. 节省第五轮润滑脂
    4. 保持灯光正常工作

    答案: B. 这样可以防止支腿倒塌或下陷时挂车掉到地上。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 6.4 Uncoupling Tractor-semitrailersStop with tractor frame under trailer (prevents trailer from falling to ground if landing gear should collapse or sink).
  19. #19

    为了帮助防止组合车辆侧翻,应使货物:

    英文原文: To help prevent a rollover in a combination vehicle, you should keep the cargo:

    1. 尽可能靠近地面 (as close to the ground as possible)
    2. 集中在驱动轴上方
    3. 堆高以便固定
    4. 靠近挂车后部

    答案: A. 货物堆得高会使重心升高,因此将货物放低有助于防止侧翻。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87keep the cargo as close to the ground as possible, and
  20. #20

    如果货物偏向一侧,使挂车倾斜,则:

    英文原文: If the load is to one side so that it makes the trailer lean, then:

    1. 挂车转弯时轨迹更均匀
    2. 挂车更不容易折叠(jackknife)
    3. 更有可能发生侧翻 (a rollover is more likely)
    4. 重心会降低

    答案: C. 货物偏向一侧会使挂车倾斜,更容易侧翻,因此应使货物居中。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87load is to one side so it makes a trailer lean, a rollover
  21. #21

    手册中给出的三连挂车(triples)的后部放大系数(rearward amplification)是多少?

    英文原文: What rearward amplification does the manual give for triples?

    1. 2.0
    2. 2.5
    3. 3.0
    4. 3.5

    答案: D. 三连挂车的后部放大系数为3.5,因此最后一节挂车比五轴牵引车容易侧翻3.5倍。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87You can see that triples have a rearward amplification of 3.5.
  22. #22

    什么是“bobtail”?

    英文原文: What is a “bobtail”?

    1. 拉着空挂车的牵引车
    2. 没有半挂车的牵引车 (A tractor without a semitrailer)
    3. 没有牵引车的挂车
    4. 带挂车的直卡车

    答案: B. Bobtail 指没有挂接半挂车的牵引车。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87(tractors without semitrailers)
  23. #23

    与满载至最大总重的牵引车半挂车相比,bobtail 牵引车停车所需的时间:

    英文原文: Compared with a tractor-semitrailer loaded to maximum gross weight, a bobtail tractor takes:

    1. 更短
    2. 更长 (longer to stop)
    3. 相同
    4. 只有在湿滑路面上才更短

    答案: B. 测试表明,bobtail 很难平稳停车,停车时间比满载至最大总重的牵引车半挂车更长。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87It takes them longer to stop than a tractorsemitrailer
  24. #24

    哪些挂车可能卡在凸起的铁路道口上?

    英文原文: Which trailers can get stuck on raised railroad-highway crossings?

    1. 低底盘车辆,如低平板车(lowboy)或汽车运输车 (Low slung units such as a lowboy or car carrier)
    2. 重心高的高厢式车
    3. 装载液体的罐式挂车
    4. 仅限空载平板挂车

    答案: A. 离地间隙小的挂车,如低平板车、汽车运输车、搬家厢车和低腹式牲畜车,可能卡在凸起的道口上。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87Low slung units (lowboy, car carrier, moving van,
  25. #25

    如果你的车辆卡在铁轨上,首先应该:

    英文原文: If you get stuck on railroad tracks, you should first:

    1. 设法前后晃动车辆脱困
    2. 留在驾驶室等待救援
    3. 下车并远离铁轨 (get out of the vehicle and away from the tracks)
    4. 在铁轨上放置反光三角牌

    答案: C. 如果卡在铁轨上,应下车并远离铁轨,然后拨打911或道口标示的紧急电话。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 87If for any reason you get stuck on the tracks, get out
  26. #26

    挂车车轮抱死并甩出的可能性更大,当挂车:

    英文原文: The wheels of a trailer locking up and the trailer swinging around is more likely when the trailer is:

    1. 满载时
    2. 装载液体时
    3. 货物居中时
    4. 空载或轻载时 (empty or lightly loaded)

    答案: D. 当挂车空载或轻载时,更容易出现挂车打滑甩尾(trailer jackknife)。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 88the trailer is empty or lightly loaded.
  27. #27

    识别挂车已开始打滑的最早、最好的方法是什么?

    英文原文: What is the earliest and best way to recognize that your trailer has started to skid?

    1. 感觉方向盘发生拉扯
    2. 听到轮胎尖叫声
    3. 观察车速表下降
    4. 从后视镜中看到 (Seeing it in your mirrors)

    答案: D. 识别挂车打滑最早、最好的方法是从后视镜中看到,因此紧急制动时要随时查看后视镜。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 88The earliest and best way to recognize that the trailer has started to skid is by seeing
  28. #28

    什么是 offtracking(内轮差/后轮轨迹偏移)?

    英文原文: What is offtracking?

    1. 在弯道急刹车时挂车车轮抱死并侧滑
    2. 转弯时后轮走的路径与前轮不同 (The rear wheels following a different path than the front wheels when going around a corner)
    3. 牵引车在长直路段上慢慢偏出自己的车道
    4. 倒车靠向装卸台时挂车在牵引车后方左右摆动

    答案: B. 车辆转弯时,后轮的行驶路径与前轮不同,这称为 offtracking。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89follow a different path than the front wheels. This is
  29. #29

    在有多节挂车的车辆上,哪组车轮的轨迹偏移(offtrack)最大?

    英文原文: On a vehicle with more than one trailer, which wheels will offtrack the most?

    1. 最后一节挂车的后轮 (The rear wheels of the last trailer)
    2. 牵引车的后轮
    3. 第一节挂车的前轮
    4. 牵引车的前轮

    答案: A. 如果有不止一节挂车,最后一节挂车的后轮轨迹偏移最大。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89trailer, the rear wheels of the last trailer will offtrack the
  30. #30

    转弯时让车辆尾部靠近路缘,是为了:

    英文原文: When turning a combination vehicle, you should keep the rear of your vehicle close to the curb to:

    1. 防止挂车在高速时摆动
    2. 让挂车车轮完全沿牵引车的轨迹行驶
    3. 阻止其他车辆从右侧超车 (stop other drivers from passing you on the right)
    4. 避免轮胎在路缘上刮擦磨损

    答案: C. 让车尾靠近路缘可以阻止其他驾驶员从你右侧超车。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89to the curb. This will stop other drivers from passing
  31. #31

    倒车拖挂车时,与倒小汽车或直卡车相比,方向盘应:

    英文原文: When backing a trailer, compared with backing a car or straight truck, you turn the steering wheel:

    1. 向相反方向打 (in the opposite direction)
    2. 向同一方向打
    3. 只打四分之一圈
    4. 等挂车停下后再打

    答案: A. 倒车拖挂车时方向盘要向相反方向打,挂车开始转向后,再把方向盘打回另一方向以跟随挂车。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89you turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction.
  32. #32

    如果必须沿弯曲路径倒车拖挂车,应向哪一侧倒:

    英文原文: If you must back a trailer on a curved path, you should back toward the:

    1. 乘客侧
    2. 空间更大的一侧
    3. 驾驶员一侧,以便看得到 (driver’s side so you can see)
    4. 远离车流的一侧

    答案: C. 如果必须沿弯曲路径倒车,应向驾驶员一侧倒,这样才能看到。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89must back on a curved path, back to the driver’s side
  33. #33

    倒车拖挂车时,一旦看到挂车偏离正确路径,应立即纠正,方法是:

    英文原文: When backing a trailer, as soon as you see the trailer drifting off the proper path, you should correct it by turning:

    1. 将方向盘上部向偏离的反方向转
    2. 只把方向盘轻轻回正
    3. 将方向盘下部向偏离方向转
    4. 将方向盘上部向偏离的方向转 (the top of the steering wheel in the direction of the drift)

    答案: D. 发现偏离要立即纠正:把方向盘上部向挂车偏离的方向转。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89the top of the steering wheel in the direction of the drift.
  34. #34

    开始倒车拖挂车前,应观察行驶路线并:

    英文原文: Before you begin backing with a trailer, you should look at your line of travel and:

    1. 按两次喇叭
    2. 下车绕车一圈检查 (get out and walk around the vehicle)
    3. 仅打开双闪灯
    4. 熄火并聆听

    答案: B. 倒车前先观察行驶路线,下车绕车检查,并确认两侧和头顶的间隙。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 89Get out and walk around the vehicle.
  35. #35

    为什么绝不能用挂车手动阀来驻车?

    英文原文: Why should you never use the trailer hand valve for parking?

    1. 会使挂车制动鼓过热,导致制动严重衰退
    2. 所有气压可能泄漏,使没有弹簧制动的挂车制动松开 (All the air might leak out, unlocking the brakes on trailers without spring brakes)
    3. 会永久损坏继动阀和挂车制动气室
    4. 会关闭牵引车保护阀,切断牵引车制动的供气

    答案: B. 绝不能用手动阀驻车,因为气压可能全部泄漏,使制动松开(针对没有弹簧制动的挂车)。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90Never use the hand valve for parking because all the
  36. #36

    如果挂车没有弹簧制动,驻车时应使用什么防止其移动?

    英文原文: If a trailer does not have spring brakes, what should you use to keep it from moving when parked?

    1. 车轮挡块 (Wheel chocks)
    2. 挂车手动阀
    3. 紧急管路截止阀
    4. 行车气管

    答案: A. 如果挂车没有弹簧制动,应使用车轮挡块防止挂车移动。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90spring brakes, use wheel chocks to keep the trailer
  37. #37

    牵引车保护阀可在什么情况下保住牵引车制动系统中的气压?

    英文原文: The tractor protection valve keeps air in the tractor brake system if:

    1. 牵引车制动器在长下坡时过热
    2. 发动机熄火且已拉驻车制动
    3. 挂车脱落或严重漏气 (the trailer breaks away or develops a bad leak)
    4. 挂车空载或只装了很少的货

    答案: C. 如果挂车脱落或出现严重泄漏,牵引车保护阀会将气压保留在牵引车或货车的制动系统中。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90The tractor protection valve keeps air in the tractor
  38. #38

    牵引车保护阀自动关闭时,同时会:

    英文原文: When the tractor protection valve closes automatically, it also:

    1. 使牵引车弹簧制动起作用
    2. 打开通往挂车的行车管路
    3. 给挂车储气罐充气
    4. 将挂车紧急管路中的空气排出 (lets the air out of the trailer emergency line)

    答案: D. 阀门关闭时会阻止牵引车漏气,并排出挂车紧急管路中的空气,使挂车紧急制动起作用。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90It also lets the air out of the trailer emergency line.
  39. #39

    在较新的车辆上,挂车供气控制阀是一个:

    英文原文: On newer vehicles, the trailer air supply control is a:

    1. 蓝色圆形旋钮
    2. 黄色方形旋钮
    3. 绿色菱形旋钮
    4. 红色八角形旋钮 (red eight-sided knob)

    答案: D. 较新车辆上的挂车供气控制阀是红色八角形旋钮,用来控制牵引车保护阀。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90The trailer air supply control on newer vehicles is a red
  40. #40

    挂车的哪条气管也被称为控制管路或信号管路?

    英文原文: Which trailer air line is also called the control line or signal line?

    1. 紧急管路
    2. 行车管路 (The service line)
    3. 供气管路
    4. 排水管路

    答案: B. 行车管路(也称控制管路或信号管路)输送由脚刹或挂车手动阀控制的空气。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90(also called the control line or signal line)
  41. #41

    紧急气管通常用什么颜色标识?

    英文原文: Emergency air lines are often color coded:

    1. 红色 (red)
    2. 蓝色
    3. 黄色
    4. 绿色

    答案: A. 紧急(供气)管路通常用红色标识,行车管路为蓝色,以免接错。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 90Emergency lines are often coded with the color red
  42. #42

    如果连接气管接头(glad hands)时把气管接反,会发生什么?

    英文原文: If you cross the air lines when connecting the glad hands, what happens?

    1. 挂车制动立即抱死
    2. 牵引车保护阀无法打开
    3. 没有空气来释放挂车弹簧制动 (Air will not be available to release the trailer spring brakes)
    4. 挂车储气罐充气过量

    答案: C. 接反后,供气进入行车管路而不是给挂车储气罐充气,因此挂车弹簧制动无法释放。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91Air will not be available to release the trailer
  43. #43

    在驾驶前,如何用手动阀或供气控制阀测试挂车制动?

    英文原文: Before driving, how should you test the trailer brakes using the hand valve or the air supply control?

    1. 用低档轻轻向前拉,感受制动 (Pull gently against them in a low gear)
    2. 高速行驶后紧急制动
    3. 空档时轰油门
    4. 挂倒档向后顶

    答案: A. 驾驶前务必测试挂车制动:用低档轻轻拉动,确认制动有效。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91them in a low gear to make sure the brakes work.
  44. #44

    没有连接挂车时,为什么要使用假接头(dummy couplers)?

    英文原文: Why should you use dummy couplers when the air lines are not connected to a trailer?

    1. 防止牵引车制动系统的气压下降
    2. 用来区分牵引车上的行车管路和紧急管路
    3. 防止水和污物进入接头和气管 (To prevent water and dirt from getting into the coupler and air lines)
    4. 停车时把牵引车保护阀锁在打开位置

    答案: C. 假接头可防止水和污物进入接头和气管;保持气源清洁非常重要。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91This will prevent water and dirt from getting into
  45. #45

    如果你的储气罐配有自动排水阀,你仍应:

    英文原文: If your air tanks have automatic drains, you should:

    1. 永远不要打开手动排水阀
    2. 仅在结冰天气打开排水阀
    3. 仅在压力表下降时打开
    4. 仍然打开排水阀进行确认 (still open the drains to make sure)

    答案: D. 自动排水阀能排出大部分水分,但你仍应打开排水阀确认。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91you should still open the drains to make sure.
  46. #46

    行车和供气管路中的截止阀还被称为:

    英文原文: Shut-off valves in the service and supply air lines are also called:

    1. 气管接头(glad hands)
    2. 继动阀
    3. 手动控制阀(trolley valve)
    4. 切断阀(cut-out cocks) (cut-out cocks)

    答案: D. 截止阀也称切断阀(cut-out cocks),安装在用于牵引其他挂车的挂车尾部的行车和供气管路上。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91Shut-off valves (also called cut-out cocks) are used in
  47. #47

    在哪一年之前制造的转换车架(dolly)和挂车不要求配备弹簧制动?

    英文原文: Converter dollies and trailers built before what year are not required to have spring brakes?

    1. 1965年
    2. 1975年 (1975)
    3. 1985年
    4. 1998年

    答案: B. 1975年之前制造的转换车架和挂车不要求配备弹簧制动。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91However, converter dollies and trailers built before 1975 are not required to have spring
  48. #48

    在没有弹簧制动的挂车上,紧急制动起作用后,只能保持到:

    英文原文: On a trailer without spring brakes, once the emergency brakes come on, they will hold only as long as:

    1. 挂车储气罐中还有气压为止 (there is air pressure in the trailer air tank)
    2. 牵引车发动机运转为止
    3. 挂车手动阀保持作用为止
    4. 牵引车保护阀保持打开为止

    答案: A. 紧急制动只在挂车储气罐有气压时才能保持;气压最终会泄漏,到时就没有制动了。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 91But the brakes will hold only as long as there is air
  49. #49

    防抱死制动系统(ABS)只在什么情况下起作用?

    英文原文: An antilock braking system (ABS) only activates when:

    1. 以超过40英里/小时的速度制动时
    2. 挂车空载时
    3. 车轮即将抱死时 (the wheels are about to lock up)
    4. 使用驻车制动时

    答案: C. ABS是对常规制动的补充,只在车轮即将抱死时才起作用。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 92ABS only activates when wheels are about to lock up.
  50. #50

    与没有ABS的车辆相比,组合车辆上的ABS:

    英文原文: Compared with a vehicle without ABS, ABS on a combination vehicle:

    1. 不一定缩短制动距离,但有助于保持车辆可控 (does not necessarily shorten stopping distance but helps keep the vehicle under control)
    2. 在湿路和干路上总能把制动距离至少缩短一半
    3. 因为制动距离更短,所以可以更近地跟车
    4. 可以更快过弯,因为车轮不会再失去牵引力

    答案: A. ABS不一定缩短制动距离,但有助于在紧急制动时保持控制;它不允许你开得更快或跟车更近。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 92ABS does not necessarily shorten your stopping distance
  51. #51

    如果只有挂车装有ABS,而你失去转向控制或牵引车开始折叠(jackknife),应该:

    英文原文: If only the trailer has ABS and you lose steering control or start a tractor jackknife, you should:

    1. 使用挂车手动阀
    2. 更用力制动
    3. 朝打滑反方向急打方向盘
    4. 在安全的情况下松开制动 (let up on the brakes, if you can do so safely)

    答案: D. 如果只有挂车有ABS,且你失去转向控制或牵引车开始折叠,应在安全的前提下松开制动,直到重新获得控制。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 92tractor jackknife, let up on the brakes (if you can safely
  52. #52

    如果不给牵引座(第五轮)板保持润滑,可能导致:

    英文原文: Failure to keep the fifth wheel plate lubricated could cause:

    1. 轮胎爆胎
    2. 转向问题 (steering problems)
    3. 气压损失
    4. 挂车制动失效

    答案: B. 牵引座板缺少润滑会因牵引车与挂车之间的摩擦而导致转向问题。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 92could cause steering problems because of friction
  53. #53

    挂接前,牵引座(第五轮)的安全解锁手柄应处于:

    英文原文: Before coupling, the fifth wheel safety unlocking handle should be in the:

    1. 打开位置
    2. 自动锁止位置 (automatic lock position)
    3. 释放位置
    4. 滑动位置

    答案: B. 挂接前,牵引座应向车尾方向倾斜、锁爪打开,安全解锁手柄处于自动锁止位置。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 93Safety unlocking handle in the automatic lock position.
  54. #54

    为什么绝不能斜着倒车到挂车下面?

    英文原文: Why should you never back under a trailer at an angle?

    1. 可能把挂车推向一侧并损坏支腿 (You might push the trailer sideways and break the landing gear)
    2. 可能弄弯第五轮锁爪并卡住释放拉杆
    3. 可能损坏各车节之间的气管和电缆
    4. 可能松开挂车制动,使挂车滑走

    答案: A. 绝不要斜着倒到挂车下面,因为可能把挂车推向一侧并折断支腿。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 93push the trailer sideways and break the landing gear.)
  55. #55

    检查是否接反气管时,为什么要熄火?

    英文原文: When checking for crossed air lines, why do you shut the engine off?

    1. 更快建立气压
    2. 防止牵引车移动
    3. 以便听到制动的声音 (So you can hear the brakes)
    4. 关闭牵引车保护阀

    答案: C. 检查是否接反气管时要熄火,以便听到挂车制动施加和释放的声音。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 93Shut engine off so you can hear the brakes.
  56. #56

    为检查连接而固定车辆时,为什么要带走钥匙?

    英文原文: When you secure the vehicle to inspect the coupling, why should you take the key with you?

    1. 让第五轮在你检查气管时保持锁定
    2. 避免你绕车检查时气压下降
    3. 在你下车之前复位低气压警告
    4. 以免别人在你位于车下时移动卡车 (So someone else won’t move the truck while you are under it)

    答案: D. 熄火并带走钥匙,以免别人在你位于车下时移动卡车。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 93Shut off engine and take key with you so someone
  57. #57

    挂接后,上、下牵引座(第五轮)之间应有多大间隙?

    英文原文: After coupling, how much space should there be between the upper and lower fifth wheel?

    1. 没有间隙 (None)
    2. 约一英寸
    3. 约两英寸
    4. 足以看到牵引销

    答案: A. 上、下牵引座之间不能有间隙;如果有间隙,说明有问题(牵引销可能压在已闭合的锁爪上)。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 93Make sure there is no space between upper and
  58. #58

    脱挂时,电线缆应如何悬挂?

    英文原文: When uncoupling, how should you hang the electrical cable?

    1. 盘成圈放在第五轮板上
    2. 插进假接头里,保持插头清洁
    3. 插头朝下,防止潮气进入 (With the plug down to prevent moisture from entering it)
    4. 缠在气管上,避免拖在地上

    答案: C. 将电线缆插头朝下悬挂,以防潮气进入,并固定好各条管线以免损坏。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 94Hang electrical cable with plug down to prevent moisture from entering it.
  59. #59

    脱挂时,如果挂车没有弹簧制动,或者你不确定,应该:

    英文原文: When uncoupling, you should chock the trailer wheels if the trailer doesn’t have spring brakes or:

    1. 如果挂车空载就垫挡块
    2. 垫好车轮挡块 (if you are not sure)
    3. 如果挂车满载就垫挡块
    4. 如果地面平坦就垫挡块

    答案: B. 如果挂车没有弹簧制动或你不确定,就应垫好车轮挡块,因为气压可能泄漏而使紧急制动松开。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 94spring brakes or if you’re not sure.
  60. #60

    脱挂满载挂车时,支腿稳固接触地面后,应该:

    英文原文: When uncoupling a loaded trailer, after the landing gear makes firm contact with the ground, you should:

    1. 把挂车从牵引座上顶起
    2. 倒车使牵引车离开
    3. 松开挂车制动
    4. 用低速档再多摇几圈手柄 (turn the crank in low gear a few extra turns)

    答案: D. 支腿稳固接触地面后,用低速档再多摇几圈手柄,以减轻牵引车承重(但不要把挂车从牵引座上顶起)。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 94turn crank in low gear a few
  61. #61

    解锁牵引座(第五轮)时,应让双腿和双脚:

    英文原文: When you unlock the fifth wheel, you should keep your legs and feet:

    1. 远离牵引车后轮 (clear of the rear tractor wheels)
    2. 放在挂车支腿上
    3. 放在挂车前部下方
    4. 放在牵引座板后面

    答案: A. 让双腿和双脚远离牵引车后轮,以免车辆移动时造成严重伤害。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 94Keep legs and feet clear of the rear tractor wheels to
  62. #62

    手册要求用于检查组合车辆的检查程序有多少个步骤?

    英文原文: How many steps are in the inspection procedure the manual says to use for a combination vehicle?

    1. 五步
    2. 七步 (Seven)
    3. 九步
    4. 十二步

    答案: B. 检查组合车辆时,请使用第2节所述的七步检查程序。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 95Use the seven-step inspection procedure described in
  63. #63

    在检查空气是否流到所有挂车时,打开最后一节挂车尾部的紧急管路截止阀,应听到什么?

    英文原文: When you open the emergency line shut-off valve at the rear of the last trailer during the air-flow check, what should you hear?

    1. 牵引车保护阀发出嘶嘶声
    2. 什么也没有,因为阀是干的
    3. 空气逸出的声音,表明整个系统已充气 (Air escaping, showing the entire system is charged)
    4. 挂车制动抱死的声音

    答案: C. 应听到空气逸出的声音,说明整个系统已充气;然后关闭紧急管路阀。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 6, p. 96You should hear air escaping,