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CDL 考试：双挂与三挂车 题目与答案

我们使用的所有题目，附正确答案、解释和出处。

开始模拟测试 34 道题 · 为什么信任我们

双挂与三挂车

34 道题

  1. #1

    在双挂或三挂组合中，哪一节挂车最容易翻车？

    英文原文: Which trailer in a doubles or triples combination is most likely to turn over?

    1. 第一节挂车
    2. 中间的挂车
    3. 最后一节挂车 (The last trailer)
    4. 可能性都一样

    答案: C. 最后一节挂车最容易翻车（“甩鞭”效应）。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.1.2 Beware of the Crack-the-whip Effectthe last trailer in a combination is most likely to turn over.

  2. #2

    拖带双挂车时，装载较重的挂车应放在哪里？

    英文原文: When pulling doubles, where should the more heavily loaded trailer be?

    1. 前面，紧接在牵引车后 (First, right behind the tractor)
    2. 最后，在尾部
    3. 无所谓
    4. 放在转换台车上

    答案: A. 装载较重的半挂车放在前面，紧接在牵引车后；较轻的挂车放在尾部。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.2.1 Coupling Twin Trailersthe more heavily loaded semitrailer should be in first position behind the tractor.

  3. #3

    将转换台车移到位置之前，如何松开其制动？

    英文原文: How do you release the brakes on a converter dolly before moving it into position?

    1. 按下挂车供气旋钮
    2. 拉动挂车手动阀
    3. 解开安全链
    4. 打开台车储气罐的放气阀 (Open the dolly air tank petcock)

    答案: D. 打开储气罐放气阀即可松开台车制动（如果台车有弹簧制动，则使用台车驻车制动控制器）。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.2.1 Coupling Twin Trailersrelease dolly brakes by opening the air tank petcock.

  4. #4

    为什么在转换台车仍位于后挂车下方时，绝不能打开钩环挂钩（pintle hook）？

    英文原文: Why should you never unlock the pintle hook while the dolly is still under the rear trailer?

    1. 挂车制动会松开
    2. 台车拖杆可能弹起并造成伤害 (The dolly tow bar may fly up and cause injury)
    3. 气管会冻住
    4. 支腿会落下

    答案: B. 拖杆可能弹起，可能造成伤害，并使重新连接非常困难。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.2.2 Uncoupling Twin Trailersnever unlock the pintle hook with the dolly still under the rear trailer.

  5. #5

    在双挂和三挂车上，前面各节挂车后部的截止阀应：

    英文原文: On doubles and triples, the shut-off valves at the rear of the FRONT trailers should be:

    1. 打开 (Open)
    2. 关闭
    3. 拆除
    4. 用胶带封住

    答案: A. 前面各节挂车后部：打开；最后一节挂车后部：关闭；台车储气罐排放阀：关闭。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.3.1 Additional Checksrear of front trailers: OPEN.

  6. #6

    为检查空气是否流到所有挂车，系统充气后，应打开哪里的紧急气管截止阀：

    英文原文: To check that air flows to all trailers, after charging the system you open the emergency line shut-off valve at:

    1. 第一节挂车前部
    2. 转换台车
    3. 最后一节挂车后部 (The rear of the last trailer)
    4. 牵引车保护阀

    答案: C. 打开最后一节挂车后部的紧急气管截止阀；应能听到空气排出，说明整个系统已充气。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.4.1 Additional Air Brake Checksopen the emergency line shut-off valve at the rear of the last trailer.

  7. #7

    1998年三月1日或之后制造的转换拖架（converter dolly），其ABS故障指示灯位于哪里？

    英文原文: Where is the ABS malfunction lamp on a converter dolly built on or after March 1, 1998?

    1. 只在仪表板上
    2. 在右后角
    3. 在牵引杆上
    4. 在拖架左侧 (On the left side of the dolly)

    答案: D. 1998年三月1日或之后制造的转换拖架必须配备ABS，并在拖架左侧装有黄色指示灯。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.1.8 Antilock Braking Systems on Converter Dolliesthese dollies will have a yellow lamp on the left side of the dolly.

  8. #8

    对单挂车安全的弯道车速，对于双挂或三挂车来说：

    英文原文: A curve speed that is safe for a single-trailer rig is, for doubles or triples:

    1. 可能太快 (Possibly too fast)
    2. 总是安全的
    3. 太慢
    4. 装载均匀则安全

    答案: A. 对直身卡车或单挂车安全的弯道车速，对双挂或三挂车来说可能太快。

    来源: Pennsylvania CDL Manual (PUB 223), 7.1.1 Prevent Trailer from Rolling OverA safe speed on a curve for a straight truck or a single trailer combination vehicle may be too fast for a set of doubles or triples.

  9. #9

    在检查双挂或三挂车时，最后一节挂车尾部的截止阀应处于：

    英文原文: During the walkaround inspection of doubles or triples, the shut-off valves at the rear of the last trailer should be:

    1. 打开
    2. 关闭 (Closed)
    3. 行车线打开、应急线关闭
    4. 在行程中拆下

    答案: B. 最后一节挂车尾部的阀门必须关闭，前面挂车尾部的阀门必须打开。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 99Rear of last trailer: CLOSED.

  10. #10

    检查转换台车（dolly）的储气罐排水阀时，它应该是：

    英文原文: The converter dolly air tank drain valve should be checked to be:

    1. 打开的
    2. 半开的
    3. 仅在寒冷天气打开
    4. 关闭的 (Closed)

    答案: D. 行驶前，台车储气罐的排水阀必须关闭。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 99Converter dolly air tank drain valve: CLOSED.

  11. #11

    要在连接前固定没有弹簧制动的第二节挂车，应连接应急管路、给挂车储气罐充气，然后：

    英文原文: To secure a second trailer that has no spring brakes before coupling, you should connect the emergency line, charge the trailer air tank, and then:

    1. 断开应急管路 (Disconnect the emergency line)
    2. 保持应急管路连接
    3. 打开挂车储气罐排水阀
    4. 松开牵引车驻车制动

    答案: A. 充气后断开应急管路，会使挂车应急制动器起作用。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97If the second trailer doesn’t have spring brakes, drive the tractor close to the trailer, connect the emergency line, charge the trailer air tank, and disconnect the emergency line. This will set the trailer emergency brakes (if the slack adjusters are correctly adjusted).

  12. #12

    固定第二节挂车时，如果对其制动器有任何怀疑，应该怎么做？

    英文原文: When securing the second trailer, what should you do if you have any doubt about its brakes?

    1. 完全放下支腿
    2. 打开应急管路截止阀
    3. 用楔块挡住车轮 (Chock the wheels)
    4. 先把挂车开到修理厂

    答案: C. 如果制动器不可靠，楔块可以确保挂车不会移动。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97Chock the wheels if you have any doubt about the brakes.

  13. #13

    把转换台车倒入后挂车下方后，如何测试连接？

    英文原文: After backing the converter dolly under the rear trailer, how do you test the coupling?

    1. 用手前后推动台车
    2. 松开挂车制动并推车
    3. 向前拉第二节半挂车的牵引销 (Pull against the pin of the second semitrailer)
    4. 完全收起支腿后检查

    答案: C. 拉力测试可以确认牵引销确实锁在第五轮上。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 98Test coupling by pulling against pin of the second semitrailer.

  14. #14

    对第二节半挂车的连接进行目视检查，应看到：

    英文原文: A visual check of the coupling of the second semitrailer should show:

    1. 上下第五轮之间没有间隙，锁爪已在牵引销上闭合 (No space between the upper and lower fifth wheel and the locking jaws closed on the kingpin)
    2. 上下第五轮之间留有小间隙，使挂车可以自由转动
    3. 锁爪张开，搭在牵引销头上，挂车未锁住
    4. 牵引销明显高出第五轮板，看不到锁爪

    答案: A. 连接正确的第五轮没有间隙，锁爪闭合在牵引销上。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 98Make visual check of coupling. (No space between upper and lower fifth wheel. Locking jaws closed on kingpin.)

  15. #15

    在把台车倒入后挂车下方之前，挂车高度应该：

    英文原文: Before backing a converter dolly under the rear trailer, the trailer height must be:

    1. 略高于第五轮中心
    2. 正好与台车轮胎顶部齐平
    3. 降到挂车落在支腿垫上
    4. 略低于第五轮中心 (Slightly lower than the center of the fifth wheel)

    答案: D. 台车推入时，挂车应被轻微抬起。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 98Make sure trailer height is correct. (It must be slightly lower than the center of the fifth wheel, so trailer is raised slightly when dolly is pushed under.)

  16. #16

    检查下部第五轮时，锁爪应当卡在：

    英文原文: When inspecting the lower fifth wheel, the locking jaws should be around:

    1. 牵引销的销头，而不是杆部
    2. 牵引销的杆部，而不是销头 (The shank of the kingpin, not the head)
    3. 挂车的滑动板
    4. 第五轮的释放臂

    答案: B. 如果锁爪卡在销头而不是杆部，连接就不安全。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 99Locking jaws around the shank, not the head of kingpin.

  17. #17

    使用滑动第五轮时，必须检查它没有太靠前，以免：

    英文原文: With a sliding fifth wheel, you must check that it is not so far forward that:

    1. 气管和电线会被拉得太长，导致挂车制动得不到空气
    2. 转弯时牵引车车架碰到支腿，或驾驶室碰到挂车 (The tractor frame will hit the landing gear or the cab hit the trailer during turns)
    3. 牵引销无法锁入锁爪，挂车会落到牵引车车架上
    4. 台车无法脱开，支腿也无法完全升起

    答案: B. 第五轮过于靠前，转弯时牵引车可能撞到挂车。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 99Check that fifth wheel is not so far forward that tractor frame will hit landing gear, or cab hit the trailer, during turns.

  18. #18

    检查空气是否到达所有挂车时，先等气压达到正常，然后：

    英文原文: When checking that air flows to all trailers, you wait for air pressure to reach normal and then:

    1. 拉出红色的“挂车供气”旋钮
    2. 打开每个储气罐的排水阀
    3. 松开牵引车驻车制动
    4. 推入红色的“挂车供气”旋钮 (Push in the red trailer air supply knob)

    答案: D. 推入该旋钮会向应急（供气）管路供气。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100Wait for air pressure to reach normal, then push in the red “trailer air supply” knob.

  19. #19

    在气流检查中，你在车尾听不到两条管路都有排气声。应该检查什么？

    英文原文: During the air flow check, you do not hear air escaping from both lines at the rear. What should you check?

    1. 挂车和台车上的截止阀是否处于打开位置 (That the shut-off valves on the trailers and dollies are open)
    2. 所有挂车的轮胎是否充到足压
    3. 每节挂车的支腿是否完全升起并锁定
    4. 台车牵引杆下的安全链是否交叉

    答案: A. 空气必须到达最后，所有制动器才能工作，所以先查阀门是否打开。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100If you do NOT hear air escaping from both lines, check that the shut-off valves on the trailer(s) and dolly(ies) are in the OPEN position.

  20. #20

    测试牵引车保护阀时，当气压降到通常在多少范围内，挂车供气控制阀应弹出？

    英文原文: When testing the tractor protection valve, the trailer air supply control should pop out when pressure falls usually within the range of:

    1. 5 至 15 psi
    2. 50 至 80 psi
    3. 20 至 45 psi (20 to 45 psi)
    4. 90 至 120 psi

    答案: C. 它应在制造商规定的范围内弹出，通常为 20 至 45 psi。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100The trailer air supply control (also called the tractor protection valve control) should pop out (or go from “normal” to “emergency” position) when the air pressure falls into the pressure range specified by the manufacturer. (Usually within the range of 20 to 45 psi.)

  21. #21

    如果牵引车保护阀工作不正常，可能发生什么？

    英文原文: If the tractor protection valve does not work properly, what could happen?

    1. 即使踩到底，挂车制动也永远不会起作用
    2. 发动机会自动熄火以保护压缩机
    3. 软管或挂车制动器漏气可能把牵引车的气全部放光 (A hose or trailer brake leak could drain all the air from the tractor)
    4. 第五轮锁爪会松开，挂车会自行滑走

    答案: C. 牵引车失去气压会使应急制动器作用，可能导致失控。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100If the tractor protection valve doesn’t work properly, an air hose or trailer brake leak could drain all the air from the tractor.

  22. #22

    要测试挂车应急制动，在把挂车供气控制阀置于“应急”位置后，应当：

    英文原文: To test the trailer emergency brakes, after placing the trailer air supply control in the emergency position you should:

    1. 用牵引车轻轻拉动挂车 (Pull gently on the trailer with the tractor)
    2. 用力向挂车倒车
    3. 使用挂车手阀并快速前进
    4. 熄火并踩下刹车踏板

    答案: A. 轻拉可以显示挂车应急制动器是否起作用。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100Pull gently on the trailer with the tractor to check that the trailer emergency brakes are on.

  23. #23

    挂车制动器应用手阀测试，但在正常行驶中应使用什么来控制？

    英文原文: Trailer brakes should be tested with the hand valve, but in normal operation they should be controlled with:

    1. 手阀
    2. 驻车制动控制
    3. 挂车供气旋钮
    4. 脚踏板 (The foot pedal)

    答案: D. 脚踏板会向所有车轮的行车制动器供气。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100The trailer brakes should be tested with the hand valve, but controlled in normal operation with the foot pedal, which applies air to the service brakes at all wheels.

  24. #24

    拆开三挂车组合时，拆第三节挂车的做法是：

    英文原文: When uncoupling a triple-trailer rig, the first step is to uncouple the third trailer by:

    1. 先摘下台车，再把它从挂车下拉出
    2. 先把台车拉出，再按拆双挂的方法摘下台车 (Pulling the dolly out, then unhitching it as when uncoupling doubles)
    3. 先把牵引车与第一节挂车分开，再放下支腿
    4. 先放下第一节挂车的支腿，再把牵引车向前开

    答案: B. 先拆第三节挂车，其余部分按拆双挂车的方法进行。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 99Uncouple third trailer by pulling the dolly out, then unhitching the dolly using the method for uncoupling doubles.

  25. #25

    检查双挂或三挂组合车辆时使用的检查程序有几个步骤？

    英文原文: How many steps are in the inspection procedure used to inspect a double or triple combination vehicle?

    1. 三个
    2. 七个 (Seven)
    3. 五个
    4. 十个

    答案: B. 使用第 2 节中相同的七步检查程序，并增加额外检查。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 99Use the seven-step inspection procedure described in Section 2 to inspect your combination vehicle.

  26. #26

    与其他商用车辆相比，驾驶双挂和三挂车应当：

    英文原文: Compared with other commercial vehicles, doubles and triples need you to:

    1. 保持更小的跟车距离
    2. 保持与单挂车相同的距离
    3. 依靠急转弯避开危险
    4. 保持更大的跟车距离 (Allow more following distance)

    答案: D. 它们更长，且不能突然转向或停车，因此需要更多空间。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97Allow more following distance.

  27. #27

    为什么在恶劣天气驾驶双挂或三挂车更容易打滑、失去牵引力？

    英文原文: Why is there more chance of skids and loss of traction when driving doubles or triples in bad weather?

    1. 长度更大，驱动轴要拖动更多的从动轴 (You have greater length and more dead axles to pull with your drive axles)
    2. 挂车比单挂车轻得多，所以轮胎容易失去抓地力
    3. 牵引两节或三节挂车时，牵引车只有一根驱动轴
    4. 双挂和三挂车的制动器在恶劣天气总是调整不当

    答案: A. 相同的驱动轴要拖动更多从动轴，更容易失去牵引力。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97You will have greater length and more dead axles to pull with your drive axles than other drivers.

  28. #28

    停放双挂或三挂车时，要确保不要进入：

    英文原文: When parking doubles or triples, you should make sure you do not get into a spot:

    1. 地面平坦的车位
    2. 空间很大的车位
    3. 无法直线开出的车位 (You cannot pull straight through)
    4. 靠近停车场出口的车位

    答案: C. 要了解停车场布局，避免漫长而困难的脱身。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97Make sure you do not get in a spot you cannot pull straight through.

  29. #29

    拆开双挂车的后挂车时，应把车组停在：

    英文原文: When uncoupling the rear trailer of a set of doubles, you should park the rig:

    1. 轻微的下坡上
    2. 呈一定角度以便牵引
    3. 坚硬平坦地面上的一条直线上 (In a straight line on firm level ground)
    4. 松软的地面上以缓冲挂车

    答案: C. 笔直、坚硬、平坦的位置可使拆挂作业安全。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 98Park rig in a straight line on firm level ground.

  30. #30

    拆开后挂车时，第二节半挂车的支腿要放下到足以：

    英文原文: When uncoupling the rear trailer, the landing gear of the second semitrailer is lowered enough to:

    1. 减轻台车上的一部分重量 (Remove some weight from the dolly)
    2. 把挂车完全抬离地面
    3. 松开第五轮锁闩
    4. 给挂车储气罐充气

    答案: A. 放下支腿可在拉出台车前减轻其负重。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 98Lower landing gear of second semitrailer enough to remove some weight from dolly.

  31. #31

    松开转换台车第五轮锁闩后，如何把台车从后半挂车下方拉出？

    英文原文: After releasing the converter dolly fifth wheel latch, how do you get the dolly out from under the rear semitrailer?

    1. 迅速倒退牵引车和第一节半挂车
    2. 先打开牵引钩（pintle hook）再开走
    3. 用牵引车制动把后挂车抬起
    4. 缓慢向前拉动牵引车、第一节半挂车和台车 (Slowly pull the tractor, first semitrailer, and dolly forward)

    答案: D. 拉出台车时，车组前部仍与台车相连。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 98Slowly pull tractor, first semitrailer, and dolly forward to pull dolly out from under rear semitrailer.

  32. #32

    在牵引车保护阀测试中，发动机熄火后，如何降低储气罐中的气压？

    英文原文: In the tractor protection valve test, with the engine off, how do you reduce the air pressure in the tanks?

    1. 打开所有储气罐的排水阀
    2. 反复踩下并松开刹车踏板几次 (Step on and off the brake pedal several times)
    3. 拉出驻车制动阀
    4. 断开行车气管

    答案: B. 反复踩踏板会降低气压，直到挂车供气控制阀弹出。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 100Step on and off the brake pedal several times to reduce the air pressure in the tanks.

  33. #33

    驾驶双挂和三挂车必须非常平稳，以避免：

    英文原文: Doubles and triples must be driven very smoothly in order to avoid:

    1. 仅仅是轮胎磨损
    2. 侧翻或折叠（jackknife） (Rollover or jackknife)
    3. 燃油泄漏
    4. 仅仅是制动衰减

    答案: B. 平稳驾驶并看远，才能逐渐减速或变道。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97Doubles and triples must be driven very smoothly to avoid rollover or jackknife.

  34. #34

    转换台车（converter dolly）是一种由一或两根车轴和一个第五轮组成的连接装置，用来：

    英文原文: A converter gear (dolly) is a coupling device of one or two axles and a fifth wheel that is used to:

    1. 把牵引车的驱动轴锁在一起，使它们在湿滑路面上转速相同
    2. 把备胎和防滑链存放在挂车下面，以备恶劣天气
    3. 在支腿失效时把挂车前部抬离地面，以便拖行
    4. 把半挂车连到牵引车挂车组合的后面，形成双挂车 (Couple a semitrailer to the rear of a tractor-trailer combination, forming a double bottom rig)

    答案: D. 台车使第二节半挂车能跟在第一节后面被拖动。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 7, p. 97A converter gear on a dolly is a coupling device of one or two axles and a fifth wheel by which a semitrailer can be coupled to the rear of a tractor-trailer combination forming a double bottom rig.
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