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CDL 考试：车辆控制 题目与答案

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车辆控制

28 道题

  1. #1

    倒大型车辆时，只要可能，应朝哪一侧倒车：

    英文原文: When backing a large vehicle, you should, whenever possible, back toward:

    1. 乘客侧（右侧）
    2. 驾驶员侧 (The driver's side)
    3. 道路中央
    4. 对向车流

    答案: B. 朝驾驶员侧倒车视野更好；可能时请人协助指挥。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (2025-2027), 2.2.4

  2. #2

    由他人协助倒车时，事先最需要约定的信号是：

    英文原文: When using a helper to back up, the most important signal to agree on beforehand is:

    1. 左转
    2. 加速
    3. 右转
    4. 停车 (Stop)

    答案: D. 开始前约定好手势信号，尤其是“停车”的信号。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (2025-2027), 2.2.4

  3. #3

    在以下情况应关闭缓速器：

    英文原文: You should turn off the retarder when:

    1. 路面湿滑、结冰或积雪 (The road is wet, icy or snow covered)
    2. 下长坡
    3. 空车行驶
    4. 夜间行驶

    答案: A. 在湿滑路面上，缓速器可能使驱动轮打滑。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (2025-2027), 2.3.4

  4. #4

    降挡应在：

    英文原文: You should downshift:

    1. 弯道中间
    2. 下坡到一半时
    3. 开始下坡前和进入弯道前 (Before starting down a hill and before entering a curve)
    4. 只在制动器变热后

    答案: C. 在下坡或进入弯道之前挂入合适挡位，这样您就能专心控制方向。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (2025-2027), 2.3.4

  5. #5

    手动挡车辆在坡上起步时，为防止后溜应：

    英文原文: To keep from rolling back when starting on a hill in a manual transmission vehicle, you should:

    1. 先完全松开离合器再抬脚离开制动
    2. 挂空档滑行
    3. 先半联动离合器，再将右脚从制动踏板上移开 (partly engage the clutch before taking your right foot off the brake)
    4. 熄火后重新启动

    答案: C. 手动挡车辆应在右脚离开制动前先半联动离合器。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36If you have a manual transmission vehicle, partly engage the clutch before you take your right foot off the brake.

  6. #6

    在湿滑路面加速时，如果驱动轮开始打滑，应该：

    英文原文: If the drive wheels begin to spin while you accelerate on a slippery road, you should:

    1. 更用力踩油门
    2. 用力制动
    3. 换入更高的档位
    4. 松开油门 (take your foot off the accelerator)

    答案: D. 驱动轮开始打滑时，应松开油门。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36If the drive wheels begin to spin, take your foot off the accelerator.

  7. #7

    驾驶时，双手应放在哪里？

    英文原文: When steering, where should your hands be?

    1. 方向盘相对的两侧，牢牢握住 (On opposite sides of the wheel, holding it firmly)
    2. 都放在方向盘上方
    3. 一只手在方向盘，一只手在变速杆上
    4. 方向盘下方

    答案: A. 双手分放在方向盘两侧牢牢握住，这样碰到路缘或坑洼时方向盘不会脱手。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36Your hands should be on opposite sides of the wheel.

  8. #8

    手动挡车辆停车时，应在什么时候踩下离合器？

    英文原文: When stopping a vehicle with a manual transmission, you should push the clutch in when:

    1. 刚踩到制动踏板时
    2. 发动机转速接近怠速时 (the engine is close to idle)
    3. 车速达到30 mph时
    4. 制动踏板踩到底时

    答案: B. 发动机接近怠速时再踩下离合器。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36If you have a manual transmission, push the clutch in when the engine is close to idle.

  9. #9

    大型车辆倒车时应使用哪个档位？

    英文原文: When backing a large vehicle, which gear should you use?

    1. 最高的倒档
    2. 熄火空档
    3. 最低的倒档 (The lowest reverse gear)
    4. 只要有帮手看着，任何倒档都行

    答案: C. 用最低倒档尽量慢地倒车，便于纠正转向错误并能迅速停车。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36Always back as slowly as possible. Use the lowest reverse gear.

  10. #10

    倒车时，帮手应站在哪里？

    英文原文: Where should a helper stand when you are backing up?

    1. 正好在车后您的盲区里
    2. 驾驶员车门旁
    3. 车头前方
    4. 车尾附近、您能看到他的位置 (Near the back of your vehicle where you can see the helper)

    答案: D. 帮手应站在车尾附近、司机能看到的位置。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36The helper should stand near the back of your vehicle where you can see the helper.

  11. #11

    用双离合换高档的基本方法，第一步是：

    英文原文: In the basic method for shifting up with double clutching, the first step is to:

    1. 同时松油门、踩离合器并挂入空档 (release the accelerator, push in the clutch and shift to neutral at the same time)
    2. 踩离合器后立即挂入高档
    3. 踩油门提高转速
    4. 松开离合器并挂入空档

    答案: A. 第一步是同时松开油门、踩下离合器并挂入空档。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 36Release accelerator, push in clutch and shift to neutral at the same time.

  12. #12

    下坡时为什么要在自动变速箱上选择低档位？

    英文原文: Why select a low range on an automatic transmission when going down a grade?

    1. 节省燃油
    2. 获得更大的发动机制动力 (To get greater engine braking)
    3. 让变速箱在怠速时更凉
    4. 让变速箱更早升档

    答案: B. 低档位在下坡时能提供更大的发动机制动力。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 37You can select a low range to get greater engine braking when going down grades.

  13. #13

    开启缓速器后，它会在什么情况下施加制动力？

    英文原文: When a retarder is turned on, it applies its braking power:

    1. 作用于所有车轮，每当您轻踩制动踏板时
    2. 仅在拉起驻车制动且变速器处于空挡时
    3. 只作用于驱动轮，在完全松开油门时 (to the drive wheels only, whenever you let up on the accelerator all the way)
    4. 仅作用于转向轴，每当行驶速度低于20英里/小时时

    答案: C. 缓速器开启后，完全松开油门时制动力只作用于驱动轮。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 37When turned “on,” retarders apply their braking power (to the drive wheels only) whenever you let up on the accelerator pedal all the way.

  14. #14

    手册列出了多少种基本类型的缓速器？

    英文原文: How many basic types of retarders does the manual list?

    1. 两种
    2. 三种
    3. 五种
    4. 四种 (Four)

    答案: D. 手册列出排气式、发动机式、液力式和电力式缓速器。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 37There are four basic types of retarders (exhaust, engine, hydraulic, and electric).

  15. #15

    下坡前为什么要先降档把车速降到可控范围？

    英文原文: Why should you shift down to a controllable speed before starting down a hill?

    1. 否则制动器会过热并失去制动力 (Otherwise the brakes can overheat and lose their braking power)
    2. 为了让发动机在到达坡底之前更快热起来
    3. 为了在下坡过程中减少转向轴轮胎的磨损
    4. 为了保持变速器油温较低，防止其沸腾

    答案: A. 档位不够低就得猛踩刹车，制动器会过热并失去制动力。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 37Otherwise the brakes can overheat and lose their braking power.

  16. #16

    进入弯道前应该：

    英文原文: Before entering a curve, you should:

    1. 在弯道内重踩刹车以保持行驶路线
    2. 减速到安全速度并降到合适的档位 (slow down to a safe speed and downshift to the right gear)
    3. 挂空挡滑行通过弯道以节省燃油
    4. 在进入弯道前加速以保持稳定

    答案: B. 进弯前先减速并降档，这样在弯道中可以适当给油。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 37Slow down to a safe speed, and downshift to the right gear before entering the curve.

  17. #17

    在三年内第二次因驾驶CMV时手持手机被定罪，CDL会被取消资格多久？

    英文原文: Your CDL is disqualified for how long after a second conviction within three years for hand-held mobile phone use while operating a CMV?

    1. 30天
    2. 120天
    3. 60天 (60 days)
    4. 一年

    答案: C. 三年内第二次违规取消资格60天，三次或以上取消120天。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 48Disqualification is 60 days for the second offense within three years and 120 days for three or more offenses within three years.

  18. #18

    违反禁止手持手机规定的司机，面临最高多少民事罚款？

    英文原文: Drivers who violate the hand-held mobile phone prohibition are subject to civil penalties of up to:

    1. $275
    2. $1,100
    3. $11,000
    4. $2,750

    答案: D. 每次违规司机最高可被处以$2,750民事罚款；雇主最高$11,000。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 48In addition, the first and each subsequent violation of such a prohibition are subject to civil penalties imposed on such drivers, in an amount up to $2,750.

  19. #19

    通过铁路道口时，您应该：

    英文原文: While crossing railroad tracks, you should:

    1. 换到较低挡
    2. 挂空挡
    3. 不要换挡 (not shift gears)
    4. 换到较高挡

    答案: C. 通过铁路道口时不要换挡。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 56Do not shift gears while crossing railroad tracks.

  20. #20

    使用点刹(stab braking)时，松开刹车后车轮开始转动最多可能需要多长时间？

    英文原文: When using stab braking, how long can it take for the wheels to start rolling after you release the brakes?

    1. 约三秒
    2. 最多五秒
    3. 最多一秒 (Up to one second)
    4. 几乎立即

    答案: C. 如果在车轮开始转动之前又踩刹车，车辆就无法摆正。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 58It can take up to one second for the wheels to start rolling after you release the brakes.

  21. #21

    如果方向盘突然变“沉”，很可能表示：

    英文原文: If your steering suddenly feels "heavy," it is probably a sign that:

    1. 一个前轮胎失效了 (one of the front tires has failed)
    2. 一个后轮胎失效了
    3. 刹车过热
    4. 发动机过热

    答案: A. 前轮胎失效还可能把方向盘从您手中扭脱，如果您没有握紧的话。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 59If the steering feels “heavy,” it is probably a sign that one of the front tires has failed.

  22. #22

    在“受控制动”(controlled braking)方法中，您：

    英文原文: In the "controlled braking" method, you:

    1. 一脚踩到底直到车轮抱死
    2. 快速连续点刹
    3. 只使用驻车制动
    4. 尽可能用力刹车但不让车轮抱死 (apply the brakes as hard as you can without locking the wheels)

    答案: D. 方向盘动作要非常小；如果车轮抱死，松开刹车并尽快重新踩下。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 58With this method, you apply the brakes as hard as you can without locking the wheels.

  23. #23

    紧急刹车时，ABS对您有什么帮助？

    英文原文: What does ABS do for you during hard braking?

    1. 帮助您保持对车辆的控制 (It helps you keep the vehicle under control)
    2. 总是缩短制动距离
    3. 让您可以更近地跟车
    4. 取代正常刹车

    答案: A. ABS不一定缩短制动距离，但有助于您在紧急制动时保持控制。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 59ABS does not necessarily shorten your stopping distance, but it does help you keep the vehicle under control during hard braking.

  24. #24

    黄色ABS故障灯在灯泡检查后仍亮着，或在行驶中亮起。这表示：

    英文原文: The yellow ABS malfunction lamp stays on after the bulb check, or comes on while you are driving. This means:

    1. 您可能失去了ABS控制 (you may have lost ABS control)
    2. ABS工作正常
    3. 刹车完全失效
    4. 挂车刹车被锁死

    答案: A. ABS出故障时仍有常规刹车；正常驾驶，但应尽快检修系统。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 60If the lamp stays on after the bulb check, or goes on once you are under way, you may have lost ABS control.

  25. #25

    如果直线货车或组合车所有车轴都有正常工作的ABS，紧急停车时可以：

    英文原文: With working ABS on all axles of a straight truck or combination, in an emergency stop you can:

    1. 只用轻压力
    2. 点踩刹车踏板
    3. 只用驻车制动
    4. 将刹车完全踩到底 (fully apply the brakes)

    答案: D. 这是使用ABS时“照常刹车”规则的唯一例外。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 60If you drive a straight truck or combination with working ABS on all axles, in an emergency stop, you can fully apply the brakes.

  26. #26

    最常见的侧滑类型是：

    英文原文: By far the most common type of skid is:

    1. 前轮侧滑，即前轮失去抓地力
    2. 仅指挂车甩尾，即挂车横向滑动
    3. 驱动轮侧滑，即后轮失去牵引力 (the drive-wheel skid, when the rear wheels lose traction)
    4. 转向轴轮胎爆胎引起的侧滑

    答案: C. 它是由过度刹车或过度加速引起的。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 61By far the most common skid is one in which the rear wheels lose traction through excessive braking or acceleration.

  27. #27

    纠正驱动轮制动侧滑时，首先应该做什么？

    英文原文: What is the first thing you should do to correct a drive-wheel braking skid?

    1. 更用力刹车
    2. 加速
    3. 停止刹车 (Stop braking)
    4. 把方向盘打向要去方向的反方向

    答案: C. 这会让后轮重新转动，不再继续滑动。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 61Stop Braking. This will let the rear wheels roll again, and keep the rear wheels from sliding any further.

  28. #28

    前轮侧滑时，制止侧滑的唯一办法是：

    英文原文: In a front-wheel skid, the only way to stop the skid is to:

    1. 让车辆自行减速 (let the vehicle slow down)
    2. 把方向盘打得更猛
    3. 加速以恢复牵引力
    4. 更用力刹车

    答案: A. 不要再猛打方向或猛刹车，在不打滑的前提下尽快减速。

    来源: North Dakota CDL Manual (AAMVA model), Section 2, p. 61When a front-wheel skid occurs, the only way to stop the skid is to let the vehicle slow down.
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